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¡@¡@¾ãÅé¦Ó¨¥¡A«ÕÀq¯à§â¤@¨Çªí­±¤W¬Ý¦ü²@¤£¬ÛÃöªº¨Æª«¡A¸g¹L¹ñ·sªº¤âªk¬Û³s¦b¤@°_¡C¦P®É¡A«ÕÀq¤S¯à¤Þµo¥X¤@ªÑ¥O¤HÅå³Y¡BµÎ¾A¡BºZ§Öªº·Pı¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A«ÕÀq©¹©¹¬O¥H¤@ºØ¼H¯º«ã½|¡A¬J»´ÃP¤SÄYµÂªº¤âªk¡A¥©§®¦a¡B«i´±¦a¦A­«²Õ¨Æª«ªºÃö«Y¡A±q¦Ó¥O©P³òªº¤H¦b¤@¯º¤§¾l¡A¤£¥Ñ±o¤£¦^¨ý¤T«ä¡C³oºØ«i©ó³Ð·sªº±´¯Áºë¯«©M³B²z¤âªk¤]¦P¼Ë¼vÅTµÛ­Ó¤Hªº»{ª¾¡]cognition¡^¤Î³Ð§@¤O¡]creativity¡^ªºµo®i¼h­±¡]McGhee, 1979¡^¡C¦b«Ü¦h±¡ªp¤U¡A«ÕÀq¤]©M´¼¼z¬Û³s¦b¤@°_¡A©Ò¥H³Qµø¬°¬O°ª«×´¼¼z¤H¤h¦@¦³ªº¯SÂI¡C ¡@¡@

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I know a witch who hates to fly.
Her cat asked her the reason why.
"When I fly the flowers bloom
on my head and on my broom,
so I'd rather walk in the sky."
Jessica Wan

¡@¡@­n¥O­»´ä¨àµ£°ö¾i¥X«ÕÀq·P¡A­º¥ý±q«ÕÀq©Ò¯à±a¥Xªº¼Ö½ì©MÅwªY¤J¤â¡C«ÕÀq¦b«Äµ£¨­¤W©Òµo´§ªº¡A¬O¨º¤£³Q¬ù§ôªºÅwªY©MÅå³Yªº·Pı¡C¨­¬°®vªø¡A­Y¯à§â«ÕÀq©Ò±a¨Óªº´r§Ö·Pı¹B¥Î©ó±Ð¾Ç¤W¡A«K«Ü®e©ö©M¤ß²z¾Çªº¥j¨å¨î¬ù¡]Pavlov's classical conditioning¡^²z½×Ápµ²¦b¤@°_¡A¨Ï»y¤å¾Ç²ß¦¨¬°¾Çµ£­Ìªº¤£¦Ûı¤Ï®g©Î¤ÏÀ³¡]conditioned reflex / response¡^¡A¶i¦ÓÅý¥L­Ì°ö¾i¥X«í¤[ªº¥¿­±¾Ç²ßºA«×¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¥j¨å¨î¬ù¡]classical conditioning¡^ªº¼Ò¦¡¦­¤w¼sªx³QÀ³¥Î¦b±Ð¾Ç¤Î°Ó·~¼s§i¤W¡C¦¨¥\ªº»y¤å±Ð¾Ç«K¬O§â«ÕÀq©M¾\Ū¬Û³s¦b¤@°_¡A¨Ï«ÕÀq©Ò±a¥X¨ÓªºÅwªY·Pı¤]¯à¦ÛµM¦a¡]¤£¦Ûı¦a¡^¥X²{¦b¾\Ū©M¾Ç²ßªº±¡ªpùØ¡C²{®É­»´ä¾Ç¥Í¦b­^»y¾Ç²ß¤W®É±`·P¨ì®ð¾kªº­ì¦]¬O¾Ç²ß©M¦Ò¸Õ±a¨Óªº­t­±±¡ºü¡]¥¢±æ¡BµL§Uµ¥µ¥¡^¡C³o­t­±±¡ºü¸g¹L¦h¦¸©M¾Ç®Õ½Ò¥»³sµ²¦b¤@°_¡A¥O¾Ç¥Í¦b­±¹ï»y¤å¾Ç²ß®É¤]¦P®É·Pı¨ì¾Ç²ß©M¦Ò¸Õ©Ò±a¨Óªº­t­±±¡ºü¡C¦ý¾A·í¦a¹B¥Î«ÕÀq·P«o¥i¥H¤Ï¹L¨Ó³ê°_¼Ö½ì©M¿E±¡ªº¥¿­±±¡ºü¡A¨Ï¾Ç²ß±a¦³¼Ö½ì¡C

¡@¡@¥t¥~¡A®vªø¤]¥i¥H§â«ÕÀq¹B¥Î¦b¤ß²z¾Çªº¾Þ§@¨î¬ù¡]Skinner's operant conditioning¡^²z½×¤W¡C¦]¬°¾A·í¦a¼úÀy¾Çµ£¦b»y¤å¾Ç²ß¤Wªº«ÕÀqªí²{¡A¬O¥i¥H±j¤Æ¡]reinforce¡^©Î¾d©T¥L­Ì¦b¾Ç²ß¤Wªºªí²{©M¦æ¬°¡C¦¨¥\ªº¾Þ§@¨î¬ù¡]operant conditioning¡^¦b©ó¼W±jª«¡]reinforcer¡^©Î¼W±j¨ë¿E¡]reinforcing stimulus¡^¦b¨àµ£¨­¤W©Ò¤Þµo°_ªº±j¤Æ§@¥Î¡]reinforcement¡^¡C°²­Y»y¤å¾Ç²ß¯à©M¥¿­±µ²ªG¡]¥¿¼W±jª«¡G¦¨¥\¡^Ápµ²¦b¤@°_¡A¾Ç²ß«K¦³¥¿¼W±j¡]positive reinforcement¡^©Î¶i¨Bªí²{¡C¬Û¤Ï¡A°²­Y¾Ç²ß¬O©M­t­±µ²ªG¡]­t¼W±jª«¡G¥¢±Ñ¡^³sµ²¦b¤@°_¡A¾Çµ£«K·|©Úµ´¾Ç²ß¡A©Úµ´¾Ç²ß±N·|¦³­t¼W±j¡]negative reinforcement¡^ªí²{¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A¬°¤F¯àÁ׶}¡u¥¢±Ñ¡v¡A¾Çµ£·|¶Vµo¡u©Úµ´¾Ç²ß¡v¡A¦b¥L­Ìªº²z¸Ñ½d³ò¤º¡A¶V¯à°kÁ׾DzߡA¶V¤£·|¹J¤W¥¢±Ñ¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A«ÕÀq­è¦n¯àªý¤î°kÁ׾Dzߪº¥X²{¡C¦]¬°«ÕÀq¦b»y¤å¾Ç²ß¤W©¹©¹¬O©M¥¿­±ªºµ²ªG¡]¥¿¼W±jª«¡G¦³½ì¡^Ápµ²¦b¤@°_¡AÄ~¦Ó±a¨Ó¥¿­±ªº¾Ç²ßªí²{©M¦æ¬°¡C«ÕÀq®ÑÂÇ©Ò±a¨Óªº¼Ö½ì¡A¥¿¬OºûôŪªÌ¤£°±¦a¾\Äýªº¥D¦]©M±À°Ê¤O¡C¡@¡@

¡@¡@«ÕÀqªº¾y¤O¡A¦b©ó¯à¥O¾Çµ£¦b¾Ç²ß¤W¤£¦Ûı¦a¦ÛµM§ë¤J¡A¦pªG¯à«ù¤§¥H«í¡A¾Ç²ß±NºtÅܬ°¾Çµ£¥Í¬¡ªº¤@³¡¥÷¡C±Ð¨|²ÎÄw©e­û·|¡]2000¡^µoªíªº¡m­»´ä±Ð¨|¨î«×§ï­²¡n¤¤¤]«Øij¥H¡u²×¨­¾Ç²ß¡v¬°¤f¸¹¡C¤@¶µ¦b­»´ä¤p¾Ç¶i¦æªº¸ÕÅç­p¹ºùØ¡Aªì¨Bµo²{¤p¤@¦Ü¤p¤T¾Ç¥Í¹ï«ÕÀq­^¤å®ÑÄy¡]Dr. Seuss series¡^ªº¾\Ū¿³½ì¦³©úÅ㪺´£¤É¡C¾Ç¥Íªº§@«~¡]­^¤åµ£ÁÁ©M¹Ïµe¡^¤]¬yÅS¥X¥L­Ì¿W¯Sªº¤âªk¡]¹Ï¤@¤Î¹Ï¤G¡A¨ú¦ÛMaryknoll Fathers' School (Primary Section) "Happy Learning"¥Zª«¡^¡C

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¡u§Ú·íµM¿ï¾Ü¦í¦b°Êª«¶é¡A¦]¬°¥i¥H­¹¦íµL¼~¡C¬Û¤Ï¡A¦í¦b´ËªL­n¦Û¤v³V­¹¤§¥~¡AÁÙ¥i¯à·|³Q¨ä¥L²rÃ~°l±þ¡A´q®£«×¤é¡A§Ú¬°¬Æ»ò¤£¿ï¥i¥H¦w¶h¥Í¬¡ªº°Êª«¶é©O¡H¡v¡]·NĶ¦Û¡mÄ«ªG¤é³ø¡n¡A2001¦~4¤ë1¤é¡^¡C

¡@¡@¤@¶µ¥»¦aªº¬ã¨s³ø§i¡]±­¤Î¼B¡A1998¡^«ü¥X¡A«ÕÀq»P¾Çµ£¹ï¦Û¤v¦b¾Ç·~¤ÎªÀ¥æ¯à¤Oªº¬Ýªk¬O¦¨¥¿¤ñªº¡C¦b¬ü°ê¥®¸X¶é¤Î¤p¾Ç¶i¦æ¤F¤Q¦~ªº°lÂܬã¨s¡]McGhee, 1980¡^§ó«ü¥X«ÕÀq¯à«P¶i¤H»ÚÃö«Y¡CMartin¡]1989¡^¤]´£Ä³®aªø¹ªÀy¤l¤k¥H«ÕÀqªººA«×¥Í¬¡¡A¥HÀ³¥I©P³ò¦³¥i¯à¥X²{ªº§xÃø¡C¥t¥~¡A¤@¶µ¦³Ãö¤¤¤å¤p»¡³Ð§@°V½mªº¬ã¨sµo²{¦³±¡ºü§xÂZªº¦P¾Ç¦b¼g§@«á¡A­t­±±¡ºü±o¨ìµÎµo¡]³¯¤Î±­¡A2001¡^¡C­n¬O¦A¥[´¡«ÕÀqªº¤¸¯À¡A¥i¯à¦³§ó¥¿­±ªº®ÄªG¡C¨ä¥L¬ÛÃöªº¬ã¨s¡A¥]¬A«ÕÀq»P¹CÀ¸¹ï³Ð³y¤Oªº¼vÅT¡]¼B¤Î±­¡A2000¡^¤Î«ÕÀq¤p«~¹ï¨àµ£©ó¾\Ū°Ê¾÷¤Î³Ð³y¤OªºÃö«Y¡]±­¡B·Å¡B¼B¤Î³\¡A2000¡^¡A¤]Åã¥Ü¦³¹ï¾Çµ£»y¤å¾Ç²ßªº°Ê¾÷¦³¥¿­±ªº¼vÅT¡C

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Chan, P.C. & Chik, P.Y. (2001). Implications of Chinese fiction writing on school children's affective-cognitive expression. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Baptist University.
Chik, P.Y. (1998). Why Humor in Children. In House of Tomorrow. Vol.7(1), (p.1) Hong Kong: Center for Child Development, Hong Kong Baptist University.
Chik, P.Y. & Lau, S. (1998). Relationship of humor to intelligence, self-concept, and peer relations. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Baptist University.
Chik, P.Y., Wan, J.W.S., Lau, S., & Hui, A. (2000). Humorous literary texts: Effects on children's reading motivation and their verbal creativity. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Baptist University.
Education Commission (2000). Reform proposals for the education systems in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: HKSAR Printing Department.
Lau, S. & Chik, P.Y. (2000). Interplay of humor and play on creativity. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Baptist University.
Lopshire, R. (1960). Put me in the zoo. New York: Random house Inc.
Martin, R.A. (1989). Humor and the mastery of living: Using humor to cope with the daily stresses of growing up. In P.E. McGhee (Ed.), Humor and children's development: A guide to practical applications. (pp.135-154).New York: Haworth.
Maryknoll Fathers' School (Primary Section) (2000). Happy Learning. Hong Kong: Maryknoll Fathers' School (Primary Section).
McGhee, P.E. (1979). Humor: Its origin and development. New York: W.H. Freeman.
McGhee, P.E. (1980). Development of the sense of humor in childhood: A longitudinal study. In P.E. McGhee & A.J. Chapman (Eds.), Children's humor. (pp.212-236).Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
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